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Gadiformes (Cods) >
Macrouridae (Grenadiers or rattails)
Etymology: Hymenocephalus: Named for its transparent membrane-like head covering (‘‘hymen head’’) and fragile nature of head bones (Ref. 100825).
More on authors: Gilbert & Hubbs.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي موجوداتی که در محدوده وسیعی از آبهای آزاد از نزدیک بستر و یا روی کف بستر، در قسمت های میان آبی تا سطح آب و در برخی گونه ها با قابلیت پرواز، زندگی و تغذیه می کنند.; تغييرات عمق 366 - 1000 m (Ref. 35908). Deep-water
Western Central Pacific: South China Sea off Hong Kong, through Philippines and Indonesia, off northern Australia, to New Caledonia and New Zealand.
Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.2 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 97189)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 2. This species is distinguished by the following characters: pelvic rays usually 12-14 (elsewhere 11-13); total gill-rakers first arch (outer/inner) 17-22/23-28, second arch 22-28/22-26; no chin barbel; snout length 22-31% HL; orbit diameter 29-40% HL; suborbital width 10-14%HL, interorbital width 24-29%HL; most of the orbit, upper surface of snout, sides of head and trunk silvery or pale, ventral aspects of heed and trunk black; a prominent midlateral stripe of silvery (when fresh) or brownish (preserved) pigment running along trunk and tail (Ref. 97189). Additional distinguishing characteristics: pectoral fin rays 13-16; projecting snout, 20-26% HL; infraorbital width 11-16% HL; moderately long preopercular supporter, with obtuse angle at rear margin, 4-9% HL; ventral striae reaching to ½ distance from pelvic fin bases to periproct; otolith has moderately high predorsal lobe, with colliculi separated, closely placed across collum with a tendency to joining in large individuals, terminating at some distance from anterior and posterior rims of otolith; otolith length to height (OL:OH), 1.1-1.2; total colliculum length to pseudocolliculum length (TCL:PCL), 1.8-2.4 (Ref. 98298).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
A benthic species found on the continental slope (Ref. 75154). Maximum depth from Ref. 106682.
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Iwamoto, T. and N.R. Merrett, 1997. Pisces Gadiformes: Taxonomy of grenadiers of the New Caledonian region, southwest Pacific. Mem. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. (176):473-570. (Ref. 35908)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (مرجع
123201): 6.4 - 11.4, mean 8.2 °C (based on 237 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00214 (0.00109 - 0.00421), b=3.20 (3.03 - 3.37), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (مرجع
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
جهندگی (مرجع
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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