分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gymnotiformes (Knifefishes)
電鰻目 (Knifefishes) >
Gymnotidae (Naked-back knifefishes)
裸背電鰻科 (Naked-back knifefishes) > Gymnotinae
Etymology: Gymnotus: Greek, gymnos = naked (Ref. 45335); obscurus: Name from the Latin word 'obscurus' meaning dark, referring to its predominantly dark coloration.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性. 熱帶
South America: varzea floodplain at the conflluence of the Rio Solimoes (Amazon) and the Rio Japura in Mamiraua Reserve near the Tefé, Amazonas, Brazil.
南美洲: varzea 洪泛區在 Mamiraua 的 Rio Solimoes(亞馬遜河) 的 conflluence 與 Rio Japura 在 Tefe ， Amazonas 巴西的附近預訂。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.5 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 55508)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 0; 臀鰭軟條: 210 - 250. Distinguished from its congeners endemic to the Amazon and Orinoco Basins and the Guyana Shield in having many pectoral-fin rays 20-22; and a color pattern of oblique and undivided thin pale bands, less than one-quarter width of dark bands, with straight high-contrast margins, which extend to the dorsal midline on the anterior half of the body, and of which many are interrupted at the ventral margin of the hypaxial muscles along the anterior two-thirds of the body. Differs further from congeners endemic to the Amazon-Orinoco basins and the Guyana Shield in having the following unique combination of characters: clear (unpigmented) patch at the caudal end of the anal-fin membrane in specimens 6.0-23.5 TL; and bands never divided to form band pairs (Ref. 55508).
與它的同類區分了亞馬遜河的特有種與奧里諾科河流域，而且蓋亞那盾甲有許多胸鰭鰭條 20-22; 而且一個斜與未分開細的灰白條紋的彩色斑紋,少於深色條紋的四分之一寬度,有直的高度地對比的邊緣, 在身體前半部上延伸到背部中線, 與那一個多數在軸前肌肉的下緣被中斷沿著前面的身體中的三分之二。 進一步不同於同類亞馬遜河-奧里諾科河的流域的特有種，而且蓋亞那盾甲有下列的獨特組合特徵: 在臀鰭薄膜的尾鰭末端在標本 6.0-23.5 TL 的清澈的 (沒有顏色) 小區塊; 而且條紋從不分開形成條紋對.(參考文獻 55508)
Facultative air-breathing in the genus (Ref. 126274); Inhabits root mats of floating meadows in floodplains. In the whitewater floodplain, juveniles are encountered in patches of floating macrophytes along lakes margins and along the edge of canos (drainage channels from lakes to the main river channels) and paranás (channels connected at both ends to the main river channel that transport whitewater through the floodplain). Floating macrophytes form extensive floating meadows. Undertakes aerial respiration by gulping atmospheric air into the hypervascularized posterior chamber of the gas bladder. Feeds primarily on chironomid larvae, small insect nymphs and small crustaceans (Ref. 55508).
在洪泛區中棲息於漂浮草地的簇根。 在白水的洪泛區中，稚魚在漂浮大型植物的區塊被見到沿著湖邊緣而且沿著 canos(來自湖到主要部份河道的流域峽道) 與 paranas 的邊緣.(在兩者的末端到主要部份河峽道連接的峽道哪一傳送白水的經過洪泛區) 漂浮大型植物形成廣泛的漂浮草地。 進行藉由吞大氣的空氣進入氣鰾的 hypervascularized 後室呼吸空氣。 主要吃寶刀魚仔魚，小的昆蟲蛹與小型甲殼動物。 (參考文獻 55508)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
南美洲: varzea 洪泛區在 Mamiraua 的 Rio Solimoes(亞馬遜河) 的 conflluence 與 Rio Japura 在 Tefe ， Amazonas 巴西的附近預訂。
Crampton, W.G.R., D.H. Thorsen and J.S. Albert, 2005. Three new species from a diverse, sympatric assemblage of the electric fish Gymnotus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) in the lowland Amazon basin, with notes on ecology. Copeia 2005(1):82-99. (Ref. 55508)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 November 2018
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (12 of 100).
