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> Ophidiiformes (Cusk eels) > Bythitidae (Livebearing brotulas)
Etymology: Grammonus: Greek, gramma = signal, mark + Greek, onos = hake; thielei: Named for Werner Thiele, who photographed and caught the holotype.
Eponymy: Werner Thiele (d: 1966) is an Austrian self-taught underwater photographer. He was the first person to photograph and capture this species. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on authors: Nielsen & Cohen.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marino benthopelagico; distribuzione batimetrica 2 - 25 m (Ref. 56143). Tropical; 21°C - 25°C (Ref. 56143)

Distribuzione Stati | Aree FAO | Ecosystems | Presenze | Point map | Introduzioni | Faunafri

Western Pacific: Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Size / Peso / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 56143); 15.0 cm TL (female)

Short description Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria

Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 66; Raggi anali molli: 41. Diagnosis: Fin rays in dorsal 66; anal 41; pectoral 21. Vertebrae 11 + 27 (ural elements counted as 1). Head length 33% SL. One large lateral line pore (equal to posterior supraorbital pore) near angle of opercle. The caudal fin is free of the dorsal and anal fins (Ref. 56143).

Observed in limestone caves and sinkholes which are probably connected at depths between 2 and 30 meters; often in lightless chambers without current, few are found at the entrance of caves where they hide beneath rock ledges. No reaction to torchlight was shown and escape distance was only about 2 centimeters; mostly were seen motionless, with only a slight movement of the fins maintaining the fishes' position (Ref. 56143).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve

Main reference Upload your references | Bibliografia | Coordinatore | Collaboratori

Nielsen, J.G. and D.M. Cohen, 2004. Grammonus thielei (Ophidiiformes: Bythitidae) - a new bythitid cavefish from off Sulawesi, Indonesia. The Beagle 20:83-86. (Ref. 56143)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

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Grammonus thielei Nielsen & Cohen, 2004