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Anguilliformes (Eels and morays) >
Muraenidae (Moray eels) > Muraeninae
Etymology: Gymnothorax: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, thorax, -akos = breast (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / distribuzione batimetrica / distribution range
Ecologia
marino; salmastro associati a barriera corallina; distribuzione batimetrica 0 - 100 m (Ref. 26165). Tropical; 30°N - 26°S
Indo-Pacific: East Africa (Ref. 26165) to the Galapagos, Cocos, and Clipperton islands; north to the Hawaiian and Ryukyu islands; south to Australia and the Kermadec Islands.
Size / Peso / Age
Maturità: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 140 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 30573)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 0; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 0; Spine anali: 0; Raggi anali molli: 0; Vertebre: 128 - 135. Greyish and speckled with irregular, dark markings (Ref. 3257). Young yellowish with hollow-centered spots which becomes less conspicuous with age (Ref. 3257). Lacks the molariform teeth as well as the depressible vomerine fangs present in most Gymnothorax and have two rows of vomerine teeth (Ref. 37816).
Body shape (shape guide): eel-like.
Adults inhabit reef flats and rocky intertidal shorelines. Feed on small fishes and crustaceans, sometimes leaving the water in pursuit of prey (Ref. 9710, 48635). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Simultaneous hermaphroditism is confirmed for this species (Ref. 103751). Caught with various nets (Ref. 30573). Solitary (Ref 90102). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 86942.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve
Simultaneous hermaphroditism is confirmed (Ref. 103751).
Chen, H.-M., K.-T. Shao and C.T. Chen, 1994. A review of the muraenid eels (Family Muraenidae) from Taiwan with descriptions of twelve new records. Zool. Stud. 33(1):44-64. (Ref. 6934)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)
Human uses
Pesca: scarso interesse commerciale
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Fonte Biblio.
123201): 25 - 29.1, mean 28.1 °C (based on 1736 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00049 (0.00032 - 0.00074), b=3.28 (3.16 - 3.40), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 4.2 ±0.72 se; based on food items.
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Molto basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione più di 14 anni (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (84 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 21 [11, 35] mg/100g; Iron = 0.435 [0.251, 0.769] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [16.7, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.111 [0.049, 0.303] g/100g; Selenium = 52.4 [27.4, 101.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 73 [21, 261] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.857 [0.599, 1.218] mg/100g (wet weight);
