Environment: milieu / climate zone / गहराई सीमा / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री प्रवाल-भित्ति संयुक्त; गैर प्रवासी; गहराई सीमा 1 - 50 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 20°N - 24°S, 97°E - 163°E (Ref. 5222)
Western Pacific: Philippines to Australia (Dampier Islands, off Western Australia to the Capricorn Islands, of the southern Great Barrier Reef); including Palau, New Britain, and the Solomon Islands.
आकार / वज़न / Age
परिपक्व अवधि: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 55.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 118794)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 9; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 15 - 17; गुदा कांटा: 3; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 7 - 8. Juveniles dark brown with bright yellow dorsal, anal, pelvic and tail fins. At size about 9 cm, small scattered blue dots appear and yellow on fins begins to recede (Ref. 37816); characterized further by brown to reddish brown color, usually mottled; head, body and fins covered with numerous white to bluish spots; several pale bars evident on side; scales ctenoid scales on body including abdomen; greatest body depth 2.6-3.0 in SL; rounded caudal fin; pelvic fins 1.8-2.1 in head length (Ref. 90102).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Inhabits shallow protected coastal reefs, in seagrass beds, and in coral-rich areas (Ref. 9710, 48635). Feeds on crustaceans and fishes (Ref. 37816). Solitary (Ref 90102). Protogynous hermaphrodite (Ref. 089707).
Life cycle and mating behavior
परिपक्व अवधि | पुनरुत्पत्ति | मछलीऔ का अंडे देना | अंडे | Fecundity | लार्वा
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य
साधन
Special reports
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (संदर्भ
123201): 25.6 - 29, mean 28.3 °C (based on 758 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (संदर्भ
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00824 - 0.02108), b=3.02 (2.89 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (संदर्भ
69278): 4.2 ±0.74 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 11.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
लौटाव (संदर्भ
120179): बहुत नीचे, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 14 महीने। (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 46.2 [26.4, 79.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.541 [0.310, 0.998] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.7, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.161 [0.104, 0.249] g/100g; Selenium = 34.1 [19.4, 56.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 172 [62, 542] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.797 [0.580, 1.275] mg/100g (wet weight);
