分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Osmeriformes (Freshwater smelts)
胡瓜魚目 (Freshwater smelts) >
Retropinnidae (New Zealand smelts)
後鰭魚科 (New Zealand smelts) > Retropinninae
Etymology: Retropinna: Latin, retro = backwards, on the back side + Latin, pinna = thorn (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Richard Wolfgang Semon (1859–1918) was a German embryologist, evolutionary biologist and physiologist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Weber.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 大洋性; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243). 溫帶; 10°C - 25°C (Ref. 2059)
Oceania: Australia's east coast from the Fritzroy River southward to at least the Shoalhaven River; throughout most of the Murray-Darling river system; and in Lake Eyre inland drainage system near Longreach, Thompson River.
大洋洲: 澳洲的東海岸從 Fritzroy 河向南至至少 Shoalhaven 河; 遍及大部分的 Murray-Darling 河流域; 而且在愛麗湖在 Longreach ，湯普生河附近的內陸的流域。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 7.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 10.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5259); common length : 6.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5259); 最大年齡: 2.00 年 (Ref. 4851)
Lives in streams, backwaters, lakes, swamps and estuaries. Occurs in brackish estuaries and inland salt lakes. Most common in slow-flowing streams and still waters, shoaling near the surface or around the cover of aquatic plants and woody debris. Forms large aggregations in open water (Ref. 44894). Feeds on aquatic insects, microcrustaceans and algae. Spawns throughout the Murray-Darling river system. Breeds between July and March (mostly in spring) (Ref. 44894). Spawning temperature is about 15 °C. Newly hatched larvae measure 4.8 mm TL on the average. Eggs are laid among aquatic vegetation and hatch in about 10 days. Sexual maturity is attained by the end of the first year (Ref. 44894). Eaten fresh or canned.
生活在溪流，洄水區，湖，沼澤與河口。 吃水生昆蟲，小型甲殼類動物與藻類。 在 Murray-Darling 河流域各處產卵。 產卵溫度是大約 15個 ° C. 一般說來最近孵化了仔魚尺寸 4.8 mm TL 。 被吃生鮮地或罐裝的。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
大洋洲: 澳洲的東海岸從 Fritzroy 河向南至至少 Shoalhaven 河; 遍及大部分的 Murray-Darling 河流域; 而且在愛麗湖在 Longreach ，湯普生河附近的內陸的流域。
Lake, J.S., 1971. Freshwater fishes and rivers of Australia. Thomas Nelson Ltd., Australia. 61 p. (Ref. 4850)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 February 2019
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6406 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.29 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.31; tm=1; tmax=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (13 of 100).
