Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien; brak water rifbewoner; diepte 8 - 50 m (Ref. 9806). Subtropical; 35°N - 28°S
Southeast Atlantic: off Swakopmund, Namibia (Ref. 11228). Indo-Pacific and Eastern Pacific: South Africa east through Indonesia to the Easter Island and Peru, north to southern Japan, Hawaii, and southern California, south to New Caledonia, New South Wales and Kermadec Islands (Ref. 8879).
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 34.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 583)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 9; Anale stekels: 0; Anale zachte stralen: 9. Small spine on back and short spines before eyes (Ref. 3141). Caudal fin rays 10 (Ref. 1602).
Inhabit coral and rocky reefs of coastal areas (Ref. 9806, 48637). Also common on offshore sand and mudflats (Ref. 48637). Young fish occur in oceanic waters, at or near the surface (Ref. 2850); semi-transparent young may enter estuaries (Ref. 3141). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feed on benthic invertebrates (Ref. 9806). A large number of juveniles were found in the stomachs of flatheads (Ref. 48637).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Matsuura, K., 2001. Ostraciidae. Boxfishes. p. 3948-3951. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9806)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Gevaar voor de mens
Venomous
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van geen belang; Aquarium: Commercieel
Tools
Speciale rapporten
Download XML
Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.3 - 29, mean 27.7 °C (based on 844 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03548 (0.01723 - 0.07305), b=2.81 (2.62 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (Fec assumed to be > 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (24 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.6 [10.0, 92.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.618 [0.303, 1.438] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [17.0, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.184 [0.091, 0.354] g/100g; Selenium = 16.9 [7.0, 38.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 27.5 [6.9, 127.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.88 [0.55, 1.41] mg/100g (wet weight);
