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Epinephelus awoara (Temminck & Schlegel, 1842)
Yellow grouper
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Epinephelus awoara AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Epinephelus awoara
Picture by Caron Wong@114°E Hong Kong Reef Fish Survey
Pictures | Images Google
Picture by Caron Wong@114°E Hong Kong Reef Fish Survey
Classification / Names Noms communs | Synonymes | Catalog of Fishes(Genre, Espèce) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Écologie
Distribution Pays | Zones FAO | Écosystèmes | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Northwest Pacific: Korea, Japan, Taiwan, China, Viet Nam, and islands in the South China Sea.
Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturity: Lm ?, range 16 - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 5222); common length : 30.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 9137)
Max length : 60.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 5222); common length : 30.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 9137)
Description synthétique Clés d'identification | Morphologie | Morphométrie
Épines dorsales (Total) : 11; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 15 - 16; Épines anales: 3; Rayons mous anaux: 8. Distinguished by the following characteristics: head and body pale greyish brown dorsally, usually golden yellow ventrally; 4 broad dark bars on the dorsal part of the body, one on caudal peduncle and another often visible on nape; numerous small yellow spots on head and body; body and median fins with small greyish white spots; soft dorsal and caudal fins and sometimes the anal fin, with prominent yellow margin; dusky yellow paired fins; yellow mustache in the maxillary groove; body depth 2.7-3.3 times in SL; head length 2.3-2.6 times in SL; convex interorbital area; strongly convex dorsal head profile; subangular preopercle, 2-5 strong spines at the angle; upper edge of operculum straight, uppermost spine rudimentary; maxilla reaches about to vertical at rear edge of eye; 2 rows of small, subequal teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw; caudal fin convex; lateral body scales distinctly ctenoid, with auxiliary scales in fish larger than 30 cm SL; pyloric caeca 12, in 3 bundles (Ref. 089707).
Occurs in rocky areas as well as on sandy-mud bottoms. Juveniles are common in tide pools. In captivity, the species is aggressive, chasing and biting other species, especially members of its own species. Protogynous hermaphrodite (Ref. 5222). Artificial fertilization of eggs was done and the longest survival time for the larvae was 15 days (Ref. 6780). In Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Référence principale
Upload your references | Références | Coordinateur | Collaborateurs
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Données manquantes (DD) ; Date assessed: 20 November 2016
CITES
Not Evaluated
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: commercial; Aquaculture: commercial
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Plus d'informations
Trophic ecology
Éléments du régime alimentaire
Composition du régime alimentaire
Consommation alimentaire
Food rations
Prédateurs
Éléments du régime alimentaire
Composition du régime alimentaire
Consommation alimentaire
Food rations
Prédateurs
Population dynamics
Paramètres de croissance
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Fréquences de longueurs
Mass conversion
Recrutement
Abondance
Paramètres de croissance
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Fréquences de longueurs
Mass conversion
Recrutement
Abondance
Anatomy
Surface branchiale
Brain
Otolith
Surface branchiale
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Consommation d'oxygène
Type de nage
Vitesse de nage
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Consommation d'oxygène
Type de nage
Vitesse de nage
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Profils d'aquaculture
Souches
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Profils d'aquaculture
Souches
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outils
E-book | Guide de terrain | Clés d'identification | Générateur de fréquences de longueur | Outil de dynamique de population | Carte par point | Classification Tree
| Catch-MSY |
Articles particuliers
Télécharger en XML
Sources Internet
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genre, Espèce | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: génôme, nucléotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Bases de données nationales | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Arbre de Vie | Wikipedia: aller à, chercher | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 16.2 - 25.6, mean 22.5 °C (based on 74 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00653 - 0.01928), b=3.04 (2.90 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Niveau trophique (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.55 se; based on food items.
Résilience (Ref. 120179): Haut, temps minimum de doublement de population inférieur à 15 mois (Fecundity = 24,329).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 25.4 [12.5, 56.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.474 [0.258, 0.967] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.9, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.113 [0.070, 0.180] g/100g; Selenium = 34.9 [21.0, 62.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 167 [47, 594] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.34 [0.94, 1.87] mg/100g (wet weight);