Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 0 - 100 m (Ref. 35388). Temperate; 66°N - 48°N, 25°W - 13°E
Northeast Atlantic: Norwegian coasts to Namdahl to off Denmark, around British Isles and across to Iceland. Pelagic larvae spreading to western Murman and Icelandic waters.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.4 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 4698); common length : 6.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 4698)
Differs from Taurulus bubalis by the row of bony knobs above the rough lateral line and by the 2 soft rays in the anal fin (Ref. 35388).
Found on hard bottoms (gravel or shells) or among algae with temperatures ranging below 0°C. Feeds on small crustaceans (amphipods, decapods) and fishes. Spawns in early spring. Eggs demersal, in clumps on bottom, diameter 2 mm; larvae pelagic (Ref. 4698).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Fedorov, V.V., 1986. Cottidae. p. 1243-1260. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3. (Ref. 4698)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7.7 - 12, mean 10.2 °C (based on 488 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00300 - 0.01523), b=3.17 (2.98 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.62 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 145 [55, 366] mg/100g; Iron = 0.442 [0.203, 1.010] mg/100g; Protein = 17.5 [15.3, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.671 [0.275, 1.722] g/100g; Selenium = 5.65 [1.24, 18.26] μg/100g; VitaminA = 43.2 [13.1, 138.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.09 [0.67, 2.01] mg/100g (wet weight);
