Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ; ນ້ຳກ່ອຍ ກ່ຽວກັນຫີນ; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 3 - 100 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical
Western Pacific: central Honshu, Japan to Taiwan and the Philippines. Also occurs in Indonesia and northwestern Australia, a new record for the northeastern Indian Ocean (Ref. 5978).
ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 12.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 559); common length : 8.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 9137)
ຄີ (ໜາມ)ແຂງຢູ່ຫຼັງປາ (ທັງໝົດ) : 8; ຄີຫຼັງຂອງປາ (ຄີອ່ອນ) (ທັງໝົດ) : 9; ຄີ(ໜາມ) ແຂງຢູ່ຄີກົ້ນປາ
ກຸ່ມປາກະດູກແຂງ
ຄວາມຖີ່ຂອງກຸ່ມຖ່າຍທອດພັນ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລໄປຫານ້ຳຈືດ ແລະນ້ຳຈືດຫາທະເລ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລແລະໄປໄຂ່ຢູ່ນ້ຳຈືດ
ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ
ສັດທີ່ມີກະດູກສັນຫັຼງ
ການຖ່າຍທອດທາງກຳມະພັນຈາກພໍ່ແມ່ຫາລູກ: 2; ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ: 8. Upper jaw tips of breeding pair protrude. Attains 12 cm TL.
May enter semi-enclosed sea areas; forms schools over rocky bottoms (Ref. 11230). Nocturnal species (Ref. 7300). Breeding pairs are found from July to September in Japan. Mouth brooding is done by the male (Ref. 240).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | ການສືບພັນ | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | ຕົວອ່ອນ
Mouthbrooders (Ref. 240). Distinct pairing during courtship and spawning (Ref. 205). Displays obligate monogamy where a one-to-one pair is established irrespective of resource abundance (Ref. 52884).
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ການປະມົງ: ການປະມົງແບບກຸ້ມຕົນເອງ
ເຄື່ອງມື
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.1 - 28.9, mean 27.6 °C (based on 824 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00729 - 0.02174), b=3.06 (2.92 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref.
120179): ສູງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງໜ້ອຍກວ່າ 15 ເດືອນ (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 113 [55, 189] mg/100g; Iron = 0.849 [0.489, 1.494] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [17.7, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.153 [0.085, 0.275] g/100g; Selenium = 36.8 [17.7, 72.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 54.8 [14.4, 202.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.76 [1.16, 2.56] mg/100g (wet weight);