Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas; estuarina bentopelágico; anfídromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 10 - 50 m (Ref. 9772). Tropical; 26°C - 29°C (Ref. 4959); 34°N - 35°S, 20°E - 154°E
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, including Madagascar (absent in the Red Sea), eastward to southern China Sea and Queensland, Australia.
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm 19.7, range 28 - ? cm
Max length : 90.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 5284); common length : 40.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 9772); peso máx. publicado: 7.0 kg (Ref. 9987); idade máx. registrada: 5 anos (Ref. 3625)
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 10 - 11; Raios dorsais (total) : 27 - 30; Espinhos anais: 2; Raios anais : 7 - 8.
Found in coastal waters (Ref. 30573). Adults feed on fishes, prawns and other invertebrates (Ref. 5213, 9772). Generally marketed fresh, may be dried or salted (Ref. 5284). Maximum depth reported taken from Ref. 9773.
Chan, W., U. Bathia and D. Carlsson, 1974. Sciaenidae. In W. Fischer and P.J.P. Whitehead (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 57) and Western Central Pacific (Fishing Area 71). Volume 3. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 2113)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: espécies comerciais; peixe esportivo: sim
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Baixar XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 29.1, mean 28.3 °C (based on 798 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00761 - 0.00909), b=3.07 (3.05 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.14-0.41; tm=1; tmax=5; Fec= 53,676).
Prior r = 0.44, 95% CL = 0.29 - 0.66, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (84 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 71.5 [41.8, 125.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.766 [0.376, 1.336] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [17.7, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.198 [0.098, 0.350] g/100g; Selenium = 66 [36, 127] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.8 [6.2, 43.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.13 [0.81, 1.64] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.