Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina revassocierade; ej vandrande; djupintervall 12 - 60 m (Ref. 9710). Temperate
Pacific Ocean: southern and central Japan (Ref. 4858) and the northwestern Hawaiian Islands (Midway and Kure).
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 4858)
Short description
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 14; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 16; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 17.
Inhabits rocky and coral reefs (Ref. 9710). Oviparous (Ref. 240), monogamous (Ref. 52884).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver
Length at sex-change = 12.7 cm TL (Ref. 55367). Sex reversal is completed in 20-39 days (Ref. 34252). Monandric species (Ref. 55367). Distinct pairing (Ref. 240). Monogamous mating is observed as both facultative and social (Ref. 52884). Also Ref. 103751.
Allen, G.R., 1985. Butterfly and angelfishes of the world. Vol. 2. 3rd edit. in English. Mergus Publishers, Melle, Germany. (Ref. 4858)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiell; Akvarium: Kommersiell
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.2 - 25.4, mean 23 °C (based on 40 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03090 (0.01359 - 0.07026), b=2.89 (2.70 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 2.5 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.7 [10.8, 50.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.228 [0.125, 0.434] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [17.0, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.291 [0.149, 0.581] g/100g; Selenium = 6.33 [2.74, 15.30] μg/100g; VitaminA = 57.5 [11.6, 290.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.813 [0.498, 1.378] mg/100g (wet weight);