分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 30 - 70 m (Ref. 13608). 亞熱帶的; 43°N - 33°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA and Bermuda through the Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Most abundant member of the genus Haemulon along the eastern coast of Florida (Ref. 26938).
西大西洋: 美國麻薩諸塞州與百慕達群島墨西哥灣,向南至巴西。 本屬 Haemulon 的最豐富成員沿著佛羅里達的東岸。 (參考文獻 26938)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 14.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 11824); common length : 18.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大体重: 85.60 g (Ref. 118626)
背棘 (总数) : 13; 背的软条 (总数) : 15; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 9. Silvery white with a mid-lateral yellow stripe running from eye to a large round black spot at base of caudal fin; a second narrower yellow stripe on back above lateral line (Ref. 13442).
银白色具有一个在尾鳍基底从眼睛延续到一个大的圆黑色的斑点的侧面中央的黄色斑纹; 一条第二狭的黄色斑纹背面在侧联机面.(参考文献 13442)
Maximum depth from Ref. 126840. Inhabits seagrass beds, sand flats, and patch reefs (Ref. 9710). Forms schools (Ref. 5521). Feeds on small crustaceans, mollusks, other benthic invertebrates, plankton, and algae (Ref. 3798). Marketed fresh and salted (Ref. 3798).
栖息于海草床，沙地浅滩与礁坪。 (参考文献 9710) 形成鱼群。 (参考文献 5521) 吃小型甲壳动物，软件动物，其他的底栖无脊椎动物，浮游生物与藻类。 (参考文献 3798) 在市场上销售生鲜地了与盐腌的.(参考文献 3798)
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).西大西洋: 美國麻薩諸塞州與百慕達群島墨西哥灣,向南至巴西。 本屬 Haemulon 的最豐富成員沿著佛羅里達的東岸。 (參考文獻 26938)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆; 诱饵: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.3 - 28.1, mean 27.2 °C (based on 912 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.01247 - 0.01755), b=2.99 (2.95 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.18-0.35; tmax=9; Fec=29,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 29.1 [9.4, 83.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.535 [0.250, 1.070] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [18.3, 22.1] %; Omega3 = 0.229 [0.108, 0.441] g/100g; Selenium = 10.6 [4.7, 23.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 92.8 [28.4, 309.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.773 [0.465, 1.274] mg/100g (wet weight);
