Gymnura japonica, Japanese butterflyray : fisheries

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相关物种
- 物种在
  Gymnura
- 物种在
  Gymnuridae
- - 分类 -
- Gymnuridae
- Myliobatiformes
- Elasmobranchii
- Chordata
- Animalia

Gymnura japonica (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850)

Japanese butterflyray

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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050

This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.

Gymnura japonica AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS

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Image of Gymnura japonica (Japanese butterflyray)

Gymnura japonica
Picture by The Fish Database of Taiwan

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与鱼) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Gymnuridae (Butterfly rays)
Etymology: Gymnura: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋居于水底的. 熱帶

分布国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Northwest Pacific: southern Japan to the China seas. Possibly in Thailand (Ref. 9918). Reported from India (Ref. 45255).
西北太平洋: 日本南部到中國海。可能地在泰國.(參考文獻 9918) 記錄來自印度了。 (參考文獻 45255)

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: L_m 57.0, range 55 - 59 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 637)

Inhabits sandy or muddy bottom in shallow waters (Ref. 11230). Feeds on benthic animals. Spines covered with skin with poisonous glands. Ovoviviparous. Used as 'kamaboko' material (Ref. 637). Caught often by demersal trawl, trammel and gillnet fisheries, and occasionally using tangle nets.Utilized for its meat, but of limited value due to its typically small size (Ref.58048).

栖息于沙的或在浅水区中的泥底部.(参考文献 11230) 吃底栖的动物。棘用毒腺覆盖着皮肤了。卵胎生的。用作了 'kamaboko' 材料。 (参考文献 637)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Gives birth to ~3 pups; born between 20-22 cm WD (Ref.58048). 西北太平洋: 日本南部到中國海。可能地在泰國.(參考文獻 9918) 記錄來自印度了。 (參考文獻 45255)

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : McEachran, John | 合作者

Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

次级保育类动物, 见 IUCN 红皮书 (VU) (A2d); Date assessed: 29 August 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

有毒的 (Ref. 637)

人类利用

渔业:

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 17.9 - 29.1, mean 28.1 °C (based on 1500 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00351 - 0.01718), b=3.09 (2.89 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

营养阶层 (Ref. 69278): 3.8 ±0.61 se; based on food items.

回复力 (Ref. 120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (Fec assumed to be <10).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).

价格分类 (Ref. 80766): Medium.

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