Gymnura japonica, Japanese butterflyray : fisheries

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Related species
- Species in
  Gymnura
- Species in
  Gymnuridae
- - Classification -
- Gymnuridae
- Myliobatiformes
- Elasmobranchii
- Chordata
- Animalia

Gymnura japonica (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850)

Japanese butterflyray

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Image of Gymnura japonica (Japanese butterflyray)

Gymnura japonica
Picture by The Fish Database of Taiwan

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (hajar och rockor) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Gymnuridae (Butterfly rays)
Etymology: Gymnura: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina bottenlevande. Tropical

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Northwest Pacific: southern Japan to the China seas. Possibly in Thailand (Ref. 9918). Reported from India (Ref. 45255).

Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m 57.0, range 55 - 59 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 637)

Inhabits sandy or muddy bottom in shallow waters (Ref. 11230). Feeds on benthic animals. Spines covered with skin with poisonous glands. Ovoviviparous. Used as 'kamaboko' material (Ref. 637). Caught often by demersal trawl, trammel and gillnet fisheries, and occasionally using tangle nets.Utilized for its meat, but of limited value due to its typically small size (Ref.58048).

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Gives birth to ~3 pups; born between 20-22 cm WD (Ref.58048).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator : McEachran, John | Medarbetare

Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

Sårbar, se IUCNs rödlista (VU) (A2d); Date assessed: 29 August 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Venomous (Ref. 637)

Human uses

Fiskeri:

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

Trophic ecology
Födoslag
Födosammansättning
Födointag
Food rations
Predatorer

Ecology
Ekologi

Population dynamics
Tillväxtparametrar
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Rekrytering
Abundans

Life cycle
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Lek
Spawning aggregations
Ägg
Egg development
Larver
Larvdynamik

Distribution
Länder
FAO områden
Ekosystem
Förekomster
Utplanteringar
BRUVS - Videos

Anatomy
Gälyta
Brain
Otolith

Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Syreförbrukning
Swimming type
Simhastighet
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)

Genetics
Genetik
Heterozygosity
Ärftlighet

Human related
Aquaculture systems
Vattenbruksprofiler
Avelslinjer
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

Outreach
Medarbetare

Taxonomy
Populärnamn
synonymer
Morfologi
Morfometri
Bilder

References
referenser

Verktyg

Special reports

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Summary page | Point data | Populärnamn | Photos

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 17.9 - 29.1, mean 28.1 °C (based on 1500 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00351 - 0.01718), b=3.09 (2.89 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.8 ±0.61 se; based on food items.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Mycket låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mer än 14 år (Fec assumed to be <10).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

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