Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
; Γλυκού νερού; Υφάλμυρο βενθοπελαγικό; κατάδρομος (Ref. 5259); εύρος βάθους 0 - 4 m (Ref. 127764). Temperate; 5°C - 20°C (Ref. 2060); 37°S - 44°S
Oceania: southeast Australia, including Tasmania.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 36.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 2906); common length : 17.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 2906)
Found in streams and estuaries. Inhabits slow-flowing water around log snags, under over-hanging banks or among leaf litter (Ref. 5259, 44894). Adult fish migrate downstream to spawn in weedy estuaries from late April to August (Ref. 5259). Feeds on insects, crustaceans, mollusks, worms and fishes (Ref. 5259, 44894). Often buries itself in the substrate to ambush passing prey. A highly efficient osmo-regulator, able to withstand direct transfer from salt to fresh water without any indication of stress. Good eating, but too small to be considered a prime angling target (Ref. 44894).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Allen, G.R., 1989. Freshwater fishes of Australia. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 5259)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); Ενυδρείο: Εμπορικό(ά)
Εργαλεία
Special reports
Download XML
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (K=0.3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).