Environment: milieu / climate zone / Tiefenbereich / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser riff-verbunden; tiefenbereich 1 - 75 m. Subtropical; 37°N - 33°S, 82°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA and Bermuda to Brazil.
Size / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 56.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 26340); common length : 30.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3815); max. veröff. Gewicht: 680.00 g (Ref. 40637)
The cheek area is usually blue with yellow spots; the blue markings on the scales are more linear; no horizontal blue band above the gill opening, but a dark bluish smudge may often seen behind the upper end of the opening (Ref. 13442).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
Adults are frequently found in coral areas, while the young prefer vegetated (e.g. Thalassia), sandy bottoms. Feeds mainly on mollusks, worms, brittle stars, hermit crabs, crabs and sea urchins. Easily approached (Ref. 9710). Marketed fresh and frozen (Ref. 5217).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fecundity | Larven
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Bedrohung für Menschen
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30911)
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: weniger kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
Download XML
Internet Quellen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.8 - 27.9, mean 26.7 °C (based on 222 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02291 (0.01439 - 0.03647), b=2.93 (2.80 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 22.6 [9.6, 46.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.517 [0.263, 1.088] mg/100g; Protein = 20 [19, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.167 [0.095, 0.304] g/100g; Selenium = 17.5 [7.7, 36.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 29 [7, 124] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.63 [0.39, 0.96] mg/100g (wet weight);
