Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской донно-пелагический; пределы глубины 25 - 80 m (Ref. 11230). Temperate; 39°N - 18°N, 105°E - 135°E
Northwest Pacific: southern Japan and East China Sea. Reported from Hong Kong (Ref. 33067).
Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 43.5 cm SL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 52186); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 1.5 kg (Ref. 52186); наибольший возраст (опубликованны данные): 4 годы (Ref. 52186)
Found near shore, including semi-enclosed sea areas, in mud to sandy mud bottom (Ref. 11230). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | размножение | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | личинки
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
рыболовство: коммерческий
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.8 - 24.7, mean 23.5 °C (based on 46 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00623 - 0.01681), b=3.07 (2.93 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.7 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (tmax=4; k=0.26 (?)).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 33.4 [17.5, 69.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.315 [0.149, 0.588] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [17.5, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.603 [0.290, 1.145] g/100g; Selenium = 14.9 [6.8, 31.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.9 [4.2, 71.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.529 [0.363, 0.798] mg/100g (wet weight);