分類 / Names  				 
				共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa				
			
				
			
			
			
			
				
					Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深さの範囲 / distribution range					
						生態学					
				
				
				
					海 pelagic-oceanic; 海洋回遊性 (Ref. 51243);  深さの範囲 ? - 200 m (Ref. 86942). Subtropical; 42°N -   45°S, 180°W -   180°E				
				 
			
			
			
				
				
				
					Warm and temperate seas of all oceans.  Western Central Pacific:  Guam (Ref. 35721).  Eastern Pacific:  southern California, USA to Peru (Ref. 2850).  Western Atlantic:  Massachusetts, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil (Ref. 7251).  Eastern Central Atlantic:  Madeira Island (Ref. 74541).
				
				 
			
			
				
					Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
				
				
				
					成熟: Lm 13.9, range 11 -  16.8 cm
 Max length : 40.0 cm SL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 5288)				
				 
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Oceanic species with a strong preference for marlins and sailfish as hosts, but may occasionally cling to other large fishes.  Attaches to the body or gill chamber of the host (Ref. 10791).  Oviparous.  Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 57896).			
			 
			
			
			
				
					Life cycle and mating behavior					
					成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生				
				
				
				
				Oviparous. From collection study observations, a mature pair is often found attached to a single host, most often a billfish, indicative of distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 57896).				
				 
			
			 
				
				
				
					Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
				
				 
			
			
			
							
					
						IUCNのレッドリストの状況は   (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
				 
					
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				
					Human uses  				
				
				
					水産業: 興味がない				
				
				
			
			
						
			
			
			
				
用具
				
			
			
			
				
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					インターネットの情報源
				
				
			
			
			
				
					Estimates based on models				
				
				
				Preferred temperature (参照 
123201): 17.3 - 28.2, mean 25.9 °C (based on 1457 cells).
				
				
					
					Phylogenetic diversity index  (参照 
82804):  PD
50 = 0.5352   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].					
													Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00257 (0.00110 - 0.00600), b=3.17 (2.96 - 3.38), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 
93245).
					
					栄養段階  (参照 
69278):  3.5   ±0.50 se; based on food items.					
											
				
				
										
						回復力  (参照 
120179):  手段, 1.4年~4.4年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (Fec = 8,100).					
											
				
									
					Fishing Vulnerability  (Ref. 
59153):  Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100). 
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