Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino demersale; distribuzione batimetrica 18 - 256 m (Ref. 2850). Subtropical; 39°N - 26°N, 124°W - 113°W
Eastern Central Pacific: San Francisco, California, USA to central Baja California, Mexico.
Length at first maturity / Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm 9.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 9015); Età massima riportata: 12 anni (Ref. 39247)
Short description
Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria
Spine dorsali (totale) : 12 - 14; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 12 - 14; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 6 - 7; Vertebre: 26 - 27. Branchiostegal rays: 7 (Ref. 36715).
Adults occur on or near soft bottom (Ref. 2850). Viviparous, with planktonic larvae and pelagic juveniles (Ref. 36715).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Human uses
Pesca: commerciale
Strumenti
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.7 - 14.8, mean 10.8 °C (based on 10 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00499 - 0.02004), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 4.5 - 14 anni (tmax=12; tm=3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).