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> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Cyclopsettidae (Sand whiffs)
Etymology: Etropus: Greek, etron, -on = lower abdomen + Greek, pous = feet.
More on authors: Jordan & Gilbert.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

laut; payau dasar (demersal); oceanodromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 0 - 100 m (Ref. 115829), usually 0 - 30 m (Ref. 5217). Subtropical; 11°C - 31°C (Ref. 47167); 40°N - 34°S, 117°W - 34°W

Penyebaran Negara-negara | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ecosystems | Kemunculan | Point map | Introduksi | Faunafri

Eastern Central Pacific: Baja California to Peru (Ref. 9330); Northwestern Central Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951) to Chesapeake Bay, USA to the Antilles and southern Brazil.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur

Maturity: L_m 8.5, range 8 - ? cm
Max length : 21.3 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 124487); common length : 15.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5217); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 64.40 g (Ref. 124487); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 1.21 Tahun (Ref. 47359)

deskripsi pendek Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik

Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 73 - 87; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 57 - 68.

Inhabits sandy and muddy bottoms (Ref. 9330). Common in estuaries (Ref. 9330). Feeds on big, benthic invertebrates and small fishes (Ref. 9330). Utilized fresh (Ref. 9330).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva

Oviparous (Ref. 101737). Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Females produce numerous eggs in multiple spawnings during a prolonged spawning period (Ref. 101737).

rujukan utama Upload your references | Acuan | Koordinator | mitra

Figueiredo, J.L. and N.A. Menezes, 2000. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. VI.Teleostei (5). Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo. Brazil. 116 p. (Ref. 36453)

Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)

kurang bimbang (LC) ; Date assessed: 29 January 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

ancaman kepada manusia

Harmless

penggunaan manusia

Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Trophic ecology
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Sumber internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 21.1 - 28, mean 25.7 °C (based on 862 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00661 - 0.01047), b=3.10 (3.03 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.

Generation time: 2.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.

Daya lenting (Ref. 120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (tmax=1.2; k >0.3).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).

kategori harga (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 191 [89, 438] mg/100g; Iron = 1.64 [0.75, 3.24] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.6, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.244 [0.120, 0.523] g/100g; Selenium = 36.6 [16.0, 86.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.61 [1.15, 21.44] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.06 [0.66, 1.63] mg/100g (wet weight);

Etropus crossotus Jordan & Gilbert, 1882