分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 115829), usually 0 - 30 m (Ref. 5217). 亞熱帶的; 11°C - 31°C (Ref. 47167); 40°N - 34°S, 117°W - 34°W
Eastern Central Pacific: Baja California to Peru (Ref. 9330); Northwestern Central Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951) to Chesapeake Bay, USA to the Antilles and southern Brazil.
西大西洋: 切薩皮克海灣, 美國到安地列斯群島與巴西南部。 東太平洋: 下加利福尼亞到祕魯.(參考文獻 9330)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 8.5, range 8 - ? cm
Max length : 21.3 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 124487); common length : 15.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大体重: 64.40 g (Ref. 124487); 最大年龄: 1.21 年 (Ref. 47359)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 73 - 87; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 57 - 68.
Inhabits sandy and muddy bottoms (Ref. 9330). Common in estuaries (Ref. 9330). Feeds on big, benthic invertebrates and small fishes (Ref. 9330). Utilized fresh (Ref. 9330).
栖息于沙泥底。 (参考文献 9330) 常见于河口。 (参考文献 9330) 吃大又底栖的无脊椎动物与小鱼。 (参考文献 9330) 生鲜使用.(参考文献 9330)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 101737). Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Females produce numerous eggs in multiple spawnings during a prolonged spawning period (Ref. 101737).西大西洋: 切薩皮克海灣, 美國到安地列斯群島與巴西南部。 東太平洋: 下加利福尼亞到祕魯.(參考文獻 9330)
Figueiredo, J.L. and N.A. Menezes, 2000. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. VI.Teleostei (5). Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo. Brazil. 116 p. (Ref. 36453)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.1 - 28, mean 25.7 °C (based on 862 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00661 - 0.01047), b=3.10 (3.03 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (tmax=1.2; k >0.3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 191 [89, 438] mg/100g; Iron = 1.64 [0.75, 3.24] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.6, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.244 [0.120, 0.523] g/100g; Selenium = 36.6 [16.0, 86.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.61 [1.15, 21.44] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.06 [0.66, 1.63] mg/100g (wet weight);
