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> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes) > Symphurinae
Etymology: Symphurus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Robins & Randall.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marino associati a barriera corallina; distribuzione batimetrica 3 - 39 m (Ref. 26268), usually 6 - 30 m (Ref. 26268). Tropical; 30°N - 9°N

Distribuzione Stati | Aree FAO | Ecosystems | Presenze | Point map | Introduzioni | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Florida, USA and Bahamas to Curaçao and Colombia.

Size / Peso / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 5.1 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 7251)

Short description Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria

Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 69 - 75; Raggi anali molli: 56 - 61. Body pale with six to ten large dark blotches which are variously positioned in different individuals but frequently at the periphery of the body; upper and lower blotches are generally in vertical alignment, the last pair often confluent; scattered small dark spots on head and body (Ref. 13442).

Inhabits bays and shallow coastal waters.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Riproduzione | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larve

Main reference Upload your references | Bibliografia | Coordinatore | Collaboratori

Munroe, T.A., 1998. Systematics and ecology of tonguefishes of the genus Symphurus (Cynoglossidae: Pleuronectiformes) from the western Atlantic Ocean. Fish. Bull. 96(1):1-182. (Ref. 26268)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 August 2012

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Pesca: commerciale; Acquario: Commerciale

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Informazioni ulteriori

Trophic ecology
Prede
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Ecology
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Population dynamics
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Length-length rel.
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Life cycle
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Egg(s)
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Dinamica popolazioni larvali

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Physiology
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Genetica
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Human related
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Profili di acquacoltura
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25.6 - 28, mean 27.1 °C (based on 130 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00647 - 0.03228), b=3.05 (2.85 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.1 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resilienza (Ref. 120179): Alto, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione meno di 15 mesi (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Symphurus arawak Robins & Randall, 1965