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> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Pleuronectinae
Etymology: More on author: Walbaum.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री ड़िमरसल; औशिनोड़िरोमस (Ref. 51243); गहराई सीमा 5 - 143 m (Ref. 5951). Temperate; 55°N - 31°N, 82°W - 52°W

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Western Atlantic: Labrador, Canada to Georgia, USA.

Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: L_m 26.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 64.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 7251); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 3.6 kg (Ref. 7251); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 14 वर्षो (Ref. 52686)

Adults inhabit soft muddy to moderately hard bottoms (Ref. 5951). Feed predominantly in daytime on organisms living in, on or near the bottom; shrimps, amphipods, crabs, sea urchins and snails (Ref. 12232). Batch spawner (Ref. 51846).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक : Amaoka, Kunio | सहयोगीयो

Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

वेदनीय, आई यु सी ऐन लाल सूची देखें। (VU) (A2bc); Date assessed: 12 February 2021

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: व्यापारिक; जलीयकृषि: प्रयोगात्मक; आखेट मत्स्य: हां

FAO - मात्स्यिकी: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

अधिक जानकारी

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Length-weight rel.
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Life cycle
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Stamps, coins, misc.

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इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 0.7 - 13.1, mean 6.1 °C (based on 303 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00493 - 0.01404), b=3.08 (2.94 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.

Generation time: 3.5 (2.6 - 4.2) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 20 growth studies.

लौटाव (Ref. 120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (K=0.11-0.7(?); tm=2-3; tmax=10).

Prior r = 0.16, 95% CL = 0.10 - 0.23, Based on 3 full stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): High vulnerability (62 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 35.4 [14.3, 62.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.283 [0.138, 0.554] mg/100g; Protein = 17.4 [15.9, 18.8] %; Omega3 = 0.326 [0.159, 0.664] g/100g; Selenium = 17.6 [8.9, 39.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.04 [1.44, 26.70] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.378 [0.252, 0.579] mg/100g (wet weight);

Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum, 1792)