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Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus, 1758)
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Scophthalmus rhombus
Female picture by Giragosov, V.
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Female picture by Giragosov, V.
Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Scophthalmidae (Turbots)
Etymology: Scophthalmus: Greek, skopelos = a lantern fish + Greek, ophthalmos = eyes (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Etymology: Scophthalmus: Greek, skopelos = a lantern fish + Greek, ophthalmos = eyes (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie
seewasser demersal; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 5 - 50 m (Ref. 6302). Temperate; 64°N - 26°N, 24°W - 42°E
Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri
Eastern Atlantic: 68°N to Morocco. Reported from Iceland (Ref. 12462). Also known throughout the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm 37.0, range 33 - 41 cm
Max length : 75.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 35388); common length : 30.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3397); max. veröff. Gewicht: 8.0 kg (Ref. 35388); max. veröff. Alter: 6 Jahre (Ref. 38118)
Max length : 75.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 35388); common length : 30.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3397); max. veröff. Gewicht: 8.0 kg (Ref. 35388); max. veröff. Alter: 6 Jahre (Ref. 38118)
Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie
Thinner and more slender body. Skin with small, smooth scales, without bony tubercle. Able to change color of the eyed side, matching the bottom they rest on. Color is often olive green, with dark and light spots (Ref. 35388).
Lives on sandy or mixed bottoms; feeds on bottom-living fishes and larger crustaceans. Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
Life cycle and mating behavior Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fecundity | Larven
Hauptreferenz
Upload your references | Referenzen | Koordinator | Partner
Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 December 2020
CITES
Not Evaluated
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja
FAO - Aquaculture systems: production; Fischereien: landings; Publication: search | FIRMS - Stock assessments | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Mehr Information
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Längenhäufigkeiten
Mass conversion
Rekrutierung
Dichte
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Längenhäufigkeiten
Mass conversion
Rekrutierung
Dichte
Life cycle
Fortpflanzung
Geschlechtsreife
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Ablaichen
Spawning aggregations
Eier
Eientwicklung
Larven
Larven Pop.Dyn.
Fortpflanzung
Geschlechtsreife
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Ablaichen
Spawning aggregations
Eier
Eientwicklung
Larven
Larven Pop.Dyn.
Anatomy
Kiemenoberfläche
Brain
Otolith
Kiemenoberfläche
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Aquakultur Profile
Zuchtlinien
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Aquakultur Profile
Zuchtlinien
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Tools
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Zusatzinformationen
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Zusammenfassung | Point data | Namen | Photos
Internet Quellen
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | FishWatcher Einträge suchen | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Gattung, Arten | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - Aquaculture systems: production; Fischereien: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: Genom, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Nationale Datenbanken | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Öffentliche Aquarien | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Gehe zu, Suchen | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 8.4 - 19.5, mean 11.2 °C (based on 472 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5645 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00893 - 0.01346), b=3.01 (2.95 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.4 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (tm=-5; tmax=6).
Prior r = 0.47, 95% CL = 0.31 - 0.70, Based on 5 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 37.7 [14.9, 70.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.174 [0.061, 0.770] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.8, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.262 [0.140, 0.491] g/100g; Selenium = 14 [6, 33] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.74 [1.87, 40.75] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.145 [0.082, 0.500] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.