分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Mulliformes (Goatfishes) >
Mullidae (Goatfishes)
Etymology: Parupeneus: Latin, parum, parvum = small + Peneus, the name of a river.
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 ? - 200 m (Ref. 100719). 热带
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and Persian Gulf south to South Africa (reaching Struisbaai, Ref. 11228) and east to the western Pacific. Southeast Atlantic: South Africa (Ref. 5405).
印度-西太平洋: 红海与波斯湾南至南非 (达到 Struisbaai, 参考文献 11228) 而且东至西太平洋。 东南大西洋: 南非.(参考文献 5405)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 43.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 23.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3470)
背棘 (总数) : 8 - 9; 背的软条 (总数) : 8; 臀棘: 1; 臀鳍软条: 6. Color variable; with or without a black saddle on caudal peduncle (Ref. 5405).
色彩可变的; 具有或者没有黑色的鞍状斑在尾梗上.(参考文献 5405)
Found on sandy bottoms and murky areas of coastal waters (Ref. 5213).
栖息于沿岸水域的砂质底部与黝暗区域了。 (参考文献 5213)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
印度-西太平洋: 红海与波斯湾南至南非 (达到 Struisbaai, 参考文献 11228) 而且东至西太平洋。 东南大西洋: 南非.(参考文献 5405)
Kumaran, M. and J.E. Randall, 1984. Mullidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 3. (Ref. 3470)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00517 - 0.01847), b=3.08 (2.92 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.1 [14.0, 58.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.289 [0.147, 0.627] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [14.5, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.135 [0.076, 0.251] g/100g; Selenium = 70 [34, 164] μg/100g; VitaminA = 175 [35, 724] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.488 [0.296, 0.935] mg/100g (wet weight);
