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Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Pseudocrenilabrus: Greek, pseudes = false + Latin, crenulatus = cut + Latin, labrum = lip (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Weber.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
; Γλυκού νερού βενθοπελαγικό; pH range: 7.0 - ? ; dH range: 12 - ?. Tropical; 22°C - 25°C (Ref. 2059); 5°S - 35°S
Africa: from the Orange River system and southern KwaZulu-Natal northwards throughout southern Africa, extending to southern Congo basin tributaries (Ref. 7248, 52193) and lagoons and rivers associated with Lake Malawi, but not the lake itself (Ref. 55954). Also in Lake Rukwa (Ref. 27292). Three subspecies are recognized: Pseudocrenilabrus philander dispersus, Pseudocrenilabrus philander luebberti and Pseudocrenilabrus philander philander.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 52193); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 5 έτη (Ref. 7248)
Short description
Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 13 - 16; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 9 - 11; Εδρικές άκανθες: 3; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 7 - 9.
Found in various habitats, from flowing waters to lakes and isolated sinkholes, e.g., Lake Otjikoto, Namibia (see Ref. 27829); usually prefers vegetated zones. It feeds on insects, shrimps and even small fish (Ref. 52193). Breeds from early spring to late summer; males establish and defend a territory, construct a simple cleared nest and attract ripe females; eggs are laid in the nest, fertilized and collected by the female; the female withdraws to a quiet nursery area to brood the eggs, larvae and juveniles until they are able to fend for themselves (Ref. 7248, 52193). Ovophilic, agamous maternal mouthbrooder; no pair-bonding takes place (Ref. 52307).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Female lays batches of eggs on a substratum which the male begins to inseminate. Female collects the eggs almost immediately after laying a batch and incubates eggs in her mouth for 12-14 days at 26°C, releasing the young after which. Parent guards the young for 5-7 days, keeping them into her mouth when approached by predators or divers.
Skelton, P.H., 1991. Pseudocrenilabrus. p. 394-398. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5682)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: περιορισμένης εμπορικότητας
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00774 - 0.02145), b=2.96 (2.82 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (tmax=4.5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 198 [107, 396] mg/100g; Iron = 1.7 [0.9, 3.4] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.0, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.575 [0.206, 1.673] g/100g; Selenium = 63.7 [24.5, 175.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65.3 [15.0, 213.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.35 [1.54, 3.63] mg/100g (wet weight);
