Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien; zoet water; brak water demersaal; diepte 1 - 16 m (Ref. 36453). Tropical; 7°N - 29°S, 55°W - 30°W
Western Atlantic: Suriname to Brazil.
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.5 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 102462); common length : 12.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 5217); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 177.96 g (Ref. 102462)
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 55 - 60; Anale stekels: 0; Anale zachte stralen: 40 - 44. Pectorals either vestigial or reduced to 1-2 rudimentary rays (Ref. 36453).
Found more abundantly on shallow soft bottoms of brackish estuaries or hypersaline lagoons. Enters freshwaters at least to an elevation of 10 m. Inhabits rivers and creeks and probably feeds on aquatic insects and crustaceans (Ref. 36880).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992. Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD. (Ref. 5217)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.6 - 28.1, mean 27.5 °C (based on 223 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00909 - 0.01450), b=3.13 (3.06 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Hoog, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd minder dan 15 maanden (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 255 [117, 432] mg/100g; Iron = 1.15 [0.57, 2.18] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [16.3, 19.0] %; Omega3 = 0.133 [0.061, 0.267] g/100g; Selenium = 35 [17, 74] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.4 [6.3, 58.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.52 [1.01, 2.20] mg/100g (wet weight);
