分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 70 m (Ref. 13608). 熱帶; 12°N - 13°S, 82°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Panama to Brazil.
西大西洋: 巴拿馬到巴西。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大體重: 1.2 kg (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (總數) : 3; 背的軟條 (總數) : 29; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 23 - 25; 脊椎骨: 36 - 38. Head depressed, trunk compressed; molariform teeth on both jaws; no venomous gland on any spine; body brownish dorsally with black diffuse mottlings, pale ventrally; lateral line pores distinct with white spots; fin membranes black distally (Ref. 13608).
扁平的頭部, 軀幹扁長形的; 臼齒型牙齒在雙顎; 沒有在任何的棘上的有毒的腺; 身體褐色的背面有黑色的擴散雜斑, 腹側灰白的; 側線孔有明顯的白色斑點; 末梢部地的鰭薄膜黑色.(參考文獻 13608)
Inhabits littoral (subtidal) waters; usually found on sandy or rock bottom; large fish may be found in waters less than 1 m of depth hiding in crevices or caves (Ref. 3273). Feeds mostly on molluscs and crustaceans. Reported to be moderately abundant and regularly consumed by fishermen (Ref. 50841). Eggs are deposited on the shells of mollusks and on stones. One of the very few marine fishes that guards fry and juveniles. It is caught in traps and special types of hooks (garrapinos) (Ref. 50841). Marketed fresh.
棲息於沿海地區 (亞潮間帶的) 水域; 通常發現於沙的或岩石底部; 大的魚可能被發現於水域藏在裂隙或洞穴中的深度的少於 1 公尺。 卵被沈澱在軟體動物的貝殼上面與在石頭上。 保衛魚苗與稚魚的少許海洋的魚之一。 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
One of the few marine fishes that provide posthatching care. Males actively guard free-swimming juveniles in burrows (Ref. 13442, 101618). Males may mate more than once a year (Ref. 101618).西大西洋: 巴拿馬到巴西。
Collette, B.B., 1978. Batrachoididae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 1. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3273)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 26 January 2009
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.9 - 28, mean 27.5 °C (based on 130 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00468 (0.00180 - 0.01212), b=3.12 (2.90 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 44.5 [24.7, 81.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.492 [0.297, 0.979] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [17, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.108 [0.064, 0.188] g/100g; Selenium = 38.2 [20.3, 75.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 99.4 [33.8, 276.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.17 [0.82, 1.61] mg/100g (wet weight);
