Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة; سمكة نهرية (Ref. 51243). Tropical
Asia: Pakistan, India, Nepal and Myanmar (Ref. 4832) and Bangladesh (Ref. 41236).
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ?, range 34 - ? cm
Max length : 91.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 4832)
Found in rivers above tidal reaches and culture ponds (Ref. 41236). Mainly herbivorous, feeding on diatoms, blue-green and green algae, higher aquatic plants, insects and detritus (Ref. 4832). Spawning occurs during the southwest monsoon in the Western Ghats (Ref. 44177).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. vol 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. i-liv + 1-541, 1 map (Ref. 4832)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; الأستزراع المائي: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00654 - 0.01108), b=3.03 (2.99 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 7.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (K=0.14-0.18; Fec=64,770).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 125 [35, 217] mg/100g; Iron = 0.827 [0.504, 1.466] mg/100g; Protein = 16.6 [15.7, 17.4] %; Omega3 = 0.374 [0.148, 0.973] g/100g; Selenium = 389 [152, 1,069] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.3 [4.6, 29.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.24 [0.67, 2.40] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.