分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts)
仿石鱸科 (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 60 m (Ref. 36484). 亞熱帶的; 34°N - 34°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Bermuda, South Carolina (USA), and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil; throughout the West Indies and the coasts of Central America (Ref. 3798).
西大西洋: 百慕達群島，南卡羅萊那州 (美國) 與墨西哥灣北部到巴西; 在西印度群島與中美洲海岸各處.(參考文獻 3798)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 16.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 17.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3798)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 12; 背的軟條 (總數) : 14 - 15; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8. Mostly yellow, paler below. Scales below lateral line in oblique rows and much larger than those above lateral line. No other grunt has enlarged scales below the lateral line (Ref. 26938).
大部份黃色, 腹面灰白的。 鱗片在側線下形成斜的列與比那些在側線上面者大很多。 沒有其他石鱸科魚類在側線之下有增大的鱗片。 (參考文獻 26938)
Occurs in large schools on rocky and coral reefs, often under ledges or close to elkhorn coral (Ref. 9710). Juveniles abundant in near-shore seagrass beds (Ref. 9710). Feeds mainly on small crustaceans (Ref. 3798). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3798).
在岩石與珊瑚礁上形成大群的魚群, 時常岩架下或者接近 elkhorn 珊瑚.(參考文獻 9710) 稚魚豐富的在近岸海草床中.(參考文獻 9710) 主要吃小型甲殼動物。 (參考文獻 3798) 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。 (參考文獻 3798)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).西大西洋: 百慕達群島，南卡羅萊那州 (美國) 與墨西哥灣北部到巴西; 在西印度群島與中美洲海岸各處.(參考文獻 3798)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 公眾的水族館; 誘餌: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 28, mean 27.2 °C (based on 240 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.00879 - 0.02168), b=3.00 (2.87 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.24).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.7 [11.5, 74.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.579 [0.281, 1.123] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [17.5, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.169 [0.076, 0.330] g/100g; Selenium = 15.4 [7.0, 31.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 38 [10, 140] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.714 [0.431, 1.162] mg/100g (wet weight);
