Environment: milieu / climate zone / kisaran kedalaman / distribution range
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 30 - 450 m (Ref. 116159). Subtropical; 46°N - 16°N, 18°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: southern coast of Portugal to Mauritania, including the Mediterranean. Not found in the Black Sea.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Kematangan: Lm 8.0, range 6 - ? cm
Max length : 22.5 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 128593); common length : 12.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3397); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 93.29 g (Ref. 128593)
Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Acuan
123201): 13.3 - 16.4, mean 15 °C (based on 35 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00803 - 0.01135), b=3.07 (3.02 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Acuan
69278): 3.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.18-0.5; tmax=5; tm=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 142 [68, 335] mg/100g; Iron = 1.63 [0.85, 3.13] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [16.0, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.65 [0.30, 1.76] g/100g; Selenium = 33.7 [16.7, 81.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.7 [8.5, 70.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.899 [0.607, 1.341] mg/100g (wet weight);
