Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino associati a barriera corallina; distribuzione batimetrica 4 - 70 m (Ref. 26938). Subtropical; 34°N - 10°S, 99°W - 32°W
Western Atlantic: Bermuda and southern Florida, USA to northern Brazil. Also in Bahamas and Caribbean, including Antilles (Ref. 26938).
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 5217); common length : 16.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 5217)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 10; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 12. Back crossed by yellow spots and saddles, some of which expand on upper side.
Inhabits shallow rocky or coral bottoms with clear water (Ref. 5217). In groups on deeper reefs (Ref. 9710). Synchronously hermaphroditic. Negligible commercial value due to its small size (Ref. 5217). Sometimes follows goatfishes (family Mullidae) as they probe the sand for invertebrates (Ref. 26938).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Riproduzione | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larve
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesca: commerciale; Acquario: Commerciale
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.8 - 28, mean 27 °C (based on 256 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00514 - 0.02340), b=3.05 (2.88 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.7 se; based on diet studies.
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (12 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 37.4 [19.2, 81.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.669 [0.336, 1.252] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.3, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.268 [0.152, 0.468] g/100g; Selenium = 13 [6, 27] μg/100g; VitaminA = 127 [41, 466] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.747 [0.470, 1.169] mg/100g (wet weight);
