Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina revassocierade; djupintervall 4 - 70 m (Ref. 26938). Subtropical; 34°N - 10°S, 99°W - 32°W
Western Atlantic: Bermuda and southern Florida, USA to northern Brazil. Also in Bahamas and Caribbean, including Antilles (Ref. 26938).
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5217); common length : 16.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5217)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 10; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 12. Back crossed by yellow spots and saddles, some of which expand on upper side.
Inhabits shallow rocky or coral bottoms with clear water (Ref. 5217). In groups on deeper reefs (Ref. 9710). Synchronously hermaphroditic. Negligible commercial value due to its small size (Ref. 5217). Sometimes follows goatfishes (family Mullidae) as they probe the sand for invertebrates (Ref. 26938).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiell; Akvarium: Kommersiell
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.8 - 28, mean 27 °C (based on 256 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00514 - 0.02340), b=3.05 (2.88 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.7 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (12 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 37.4 [19.2, 81.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.669 [0.336, 1.252] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.3, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.268 [0.152, 0.468] g/100g; Selenium = 13 [6, 27] μg/100g; VitaminA = 127 [41, 466] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.747 [0.470, 1.169] mg/100g (wet weight);
