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> Perciformes/Zoarcoidei (Eelpouts and pricklebacks) > Pholidae (Gunnels) > Pholinae
Etymology: Pholis: Greek, pholis, -idos = scale (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cope.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser demersal; tiefenbereich 0 - 73 m (Ref. 50610). Temperate

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Eastern Pacific: Bering Sea coast of Alaska and the Aleutian Islands to Crescent City, northern California, USA. Early records might be misleading since Pholis laeta was once considered identical to Pholis ornatus and was recorded as Pholis ornatus (Ref. 4925).

Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 2850)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 74 - 80; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 0; Afterflossenstacheln: 2; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 35 - 37. Caudal rounded. Pelvic fins minute.

Facultative air-breathing in the genus (Ref. 126274); Frequently in intertidal areas, in tide pools or under rocks protected by seaweeds (Ref. 2850). May remain out of water under rocks or seaweed (Ref. 31184). Probably feeds on small crustaceans and marine worms (Ref. 28499). Breathes air when out of water (Ref. 31184).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Male and female coil around the egg ball (Ref. 58332).

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Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

Nicht untersucht

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Harmless

Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell; Aquarium: Öffentliche Aquarien

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 4.1 - 13.5, mean 8.9 °C (based on 232 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00162 (0.00068 - 0.00388), b=3.19 (2.99 - 3.39), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.3 ±0.39 se; based on food items.

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): hoch, Verdopplung der Population dauert weniger als 15 Monate. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).

Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Pholis laeta (Cope, 1873)