Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 27 - 364 m (Ref. 5951), usually 36 - 91 m (Ref. 5951). Temperate; 54°N - 37°N
Northwest Atlantic: southern Labrador, Canada to Chesapeake Bay, USA.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 29.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 64.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 7251); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 1.5 kg (Ref. 9988); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 12 Tahun (Ref. 6286)
Adults inhabit sandy to muddy bottoms (Ref. 7251). Prefer depths of 37 to 82 m at temperatures of 3-5°C (Ref. 6263). Feed mainly on polychaete worms and amphipods, shrimps, isopods and other crustaceans and occasionally small fish such as sand lance and capelin (Ref. 12232). Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Marketed fresh or frozen; eaten steamed, fried, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Budidaya air: percobaan
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.4 - 9.7, mean 2.6 °C (based on 134 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00608 - 0.00787), b=3.07 (3.03 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (rm=0.69; K=0.3; tm=2-6; tmax=12).
Prior r = 0.76, 95% CL = 0.50 - 1.14, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 13.9 [6.1, 57.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.279 [0.138, 0.547] mg/100g; Protein = 16 [14, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.344 [0.167, 0.704] g/100g; Selenium = 13.5 [4.7, 50.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.36 [1.02, 28.90] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.261 [0.139, 0.635] mg/100g (wet weight);
