> 
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > 
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Plectorhinchinae						
							
							Etymology: Plectorhinchus: Greek, plektos = plaited + Greek, rhyngchos = snout (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Guichenot.						
					 
			
			
			
			
				
					Environment: milieu / climate zone / profondeur / distribution range					
						Écologie					
				
				
				
					marin démersal;  profondeur 10 - 180 m (Ref. 27000). Subtropical; 45°N -   22°S, 25°W -   20°E				
				 
			
			
			
				
				
				
					Eastern Atlantic:  Spain and Portugal to Henties Bay, Namibia (Ref. 11228).  Also from the western Mediterranean Sea (Ref. 231) and the Canary Islands (Ref. 5535).  Records in eastern Mediterranean are questionable (Ref. 57855, Ref. 113897).
				
				 
			
			
				
					Taille / Poids / Âge
				
				
				
					Maturité: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
 Max length : 80.0 cm SL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 5535); common length : 60.0 cm SL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 5535); poids max. publié: 7.9 kg (Ref. 40637)				
				 
			
			
						
				
					Description synthétique					
					Clés d'identification | Morphologie | Morphométrie					
				
				
				
					Épines dorsales (Total) : 10 - 13; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 17 - 20. Grey violet color, abdomen light (Ref. 5377).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.				
				 
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Inhabits sandy and muddy bottoms.  Feeds on zoobenthos and zooplankton (Ref. 5535).  Minimum depth reported from Ref. 5535.			
			 
			
			
			
				
					Life cycle and mating behavior					
					Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves				
				
				
				
				Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).				
				 
			
			 
				
				
				
					Ben-Tuvia, A. and R. McKay, 1986. Haemulidae. p. 858-864. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. volume 2. UNESCO, Paris. (Ref. 5535)
				
				 
			
			
			
							
					
						Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN   (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
				 
					
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				
					Menace pour l'homme  
				
				
				
					  Harmless				
				
			 
			
			
			
			
				
					Utilisations par l'homme  				
				
				
					Pêcheries: commercial				
				
				
			
			
						
			
			
			
				
Outils
				
			
			
			
				
Articles particuliers
 
				
			
			
			
				
Télécharger en XML
				
			
			
			
				
					Sources Internet
				
				
			
			
			
				
					Estimates based on models				
				
				
				Preferred temperature (Réf. 
123201): 16.1 - 24.4, mean 19 °C (based on 81 cells).
				
				
					
					Phylogenetic diversity index  (Réf. 
82804):  PD
50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].					
 
				
										
													Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00855 - 0.02033), b=3.04 (2.91 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 
93245).
					
 
									
					
					Niveau trophique  (Réf. 
69278):  3.5   ±0.52 se; based on food items.					
 
				
					
						 Generation time: 6.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
 growth studies.					 
				
				
										
						Résilience  (Réf. 
120179):  Milieu, temps minimum de doublement de population : 1,4 à 4,4 années (K=0.18;).					
 
								
					
						 Prior r = 0.53, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.80, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.					
				
									
					Fishing Vulnerability  (Ref. 
59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100). 
🛈					 
								
				
									
					Climate Vulnerability  (Ref. 
125649):  Moderate vulnerability (45 of 100). 
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						Nutrients  (Ref. 
124155):  Calcium = 50.5 [12.0, 100.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.928 [0.485, 1.769] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.4, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.331 [0.182, 0.545] g/100g; Selenium = 35.6 [19.5, 66.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.02 [3.64, 21.40] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.636 [0.453, 0.909] mg/100g (wet weight); based on 
nutrient studies.