>
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Plectorhinchinae
Etymology: Plectorhinchus: Greek, plektos = plaited + Greek, rhyngchos = snout (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Guichenot.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển gần đáy; Mức độ sâu 10 - 180 m (Ref. 27000). Subtropical; 45°N - 22°S, 25°W - 20°E
Eastern Atlantic: Spain and Portugal to Henties Bay, Namibia (Ref. 11228). Also from the western Mediterranean Sea (Ref. 231) and the Canary Islands (Ref. 5535). Records in eastern Mediterranean are questionable (Ref. 57855, Ref. 113897).
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm SL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 5535); common length : 60.0 cm SL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 5535); Khối lượng cực đại được công bố: 7.9 kg (Ref. 40637)
Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng) : 10 - 13; Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng) : 17 - 20. Grey violet color, abdomen light (Ref. 5377).
Inhabits sandy and muddy bottoms. Feeds on zoobenthos and zooplankton (Ref. 5535). Minimum depth reported from Ref. 5535.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
Ben-Tuvia, A. and R. McKay, 1986. Haemulidae. p. 858-864. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. volume 2. UNESCO, Paris. (Ref. 5535)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các nghề cá: Tính thương mại
Các công cụ
Special reports
Download XML
Các nguồn internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.1 - 24.4, mean 19 °C (based on 81 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00856 - 0.02031), b=3.04 (2.91 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.52 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 6.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Trung bình, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 1.4 - 4.4 năm (K=0.18;).
Prior r = 0.53, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.80, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (45 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 50.5 [12.0, 100.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.928 [0.485, 1.769] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.4, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.331 [0.182, 0.545] g/100g; Selenium = 35.6 [19.5, 66.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.02 [3.64, 21.40] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.636 [0.453, 0.909] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.